Roll-grinding mechanisms



v. HULTGREZN 2,814,914

Dec. 3, 1957 ROLL-GRINDING MECHANISMS Filed Dec. 12', 1955 5Sheets-Sheet l .E." m,- H." U. W I I [Hm F a:

1957 G. v. HULTGREN 2,814,914

ROLL-GRINDING amcnmmas Filed Dec. 12, 1955 '5 Sheets-Sheet? ATTORNEYSIIIIIIIIJ Dec. 3, 1957 a. v. HULTGREN ROLL-GRINDING wzcmmxsus 5Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 12, 1955 mvmon ATTORNEY 5 Dec. 3, 1957 I G. v.HULTGREN 2,314,914

ROLL-GRINDING MECHANISMS Filed Dec. 12, 1955 I I 5 Sheets-Sheet 4ATTORNEY 5 1957 G. v. HULTGREN ROLL-GRINDING MECHANISMS 5 Sheets-Sheet 5Filed Dec. 12, 1955 ATTORNEYS United States Patent "ice ROLL-GRINDINGMECHANISMS Gunnar V. Hultgren, Milford, Conn., assignor to Farrel-Birmingham Company, Incorporated, Ansonia, Conn., a corporation ofConnecticut Application December 12, 1955, Serial No. 552,507

9 Claims. (Cl. 51-95) This invention relates to roll-grinding machinesand more particularly to a device for grinding the surface "of rolls forvarious uses in calenders or other machines wherein a rotating grindingwheel is provided to rotate incontact'with the surface of the roll to beground,the -roll also being rotated and relative movement eflectedbetween the roll and the grinding wheel ina direction longitudinally ofthe roll so that all points on the surface of the latter will be ground.

As illustrated, the roll to be ground'is rotatably-mounted upon-atraveling carriage reciprocable in the direction of the-axis of the rollwhile the grinding wheel is provided upon a movable wheel head or frameso thatit may .wheel toward or vfrom the work during longitudinalreciprocation of the roll so as to produce shapes of this character.

Y -T he feeding movement of the grinding wheel toward or from the workis usually accomplished by a 'feed ,screw operating in conjunction witha threaded nut carried by the wheel head and almost invariably themechanism required for this purpose develops looseness or play resultinginbacklash. For this reason movements -of the {hand wheel or otherapparatus controlling thefe'e'd does not accurately reflect the motionof the wheel head particularly when changing from one direction to theother,

,thus changing the'movement-of the wheel'head from a lever system toraise or lower the rear end of the wheel head and thereby tilt the wheelabout its pivot so that it *isfeithermoved'toward or retracted from-theroll to be "ground. 7 i

As the'wheel head is normally urged in one directionby gravity, backlashis eliminated in that gravity acts "to keep all parts'of the adjustingmechanism in contact so "that a small motion of the fine feed screw is'r'eiiect'ed immediately in a corresponding motion of the grinding wheelregardless of the direction in which the latter is moved.

There is I also incorporated in 1 the device mechanism for effecting acrown or concavity upon the surface ot the roll "which comprises acrowning eccentric -'rotatably mounted on the base which carries thewheelhead, the eccentric also acting upon the lever which in turn raises2,811,914 Patented Dec. 3, 1957 or lowers the wheel head about itspivot. This greatly reduces the inaccuracies heretofore present incrowning or concaving the roll which are traceable to unavoidable fromthe roll with any lost motion or backlash between the parts eliminatedso that any adjustment of the feed mechanism will be accurately impartedto the grinding wheel.

Still another object of the invention is to provide aro'll-grindingmachine having a grinding wheel rotatably :mounted upon awheel head which is pivoted on the frame and to provide an adjustingmechanism operable to move the wheel head about its pivot in such amanner that the wheel head will be moved in one direction by igravityandlost-motion between the parts will be eliminated.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a .grindingwheelof the character described wherein a lever is pivotallymounted upon themachine, which lever in tur'nacts against the pivoted wheel head toadjust the same in one direction and to provide a feed adjustingmechanism and also a-crowning mechanism toactuate this lever to effectmovement of the grinding wheel toward and from the work.

To these and other ends the invention consists in :the novel featuresand combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

.In the accompanying drawings: Fig. 1 is atopplan -view of aroll-grinding mechanism embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is .a vertical sectional view on line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view on line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view on line 4-4 of Fig. 2; v

Fig. '5 is a'horizontal sectional view on line 5-5 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 16 is a detail view of a-bracket supporting the lever mechanismwhich actuates the wheel head;

fig. -7-is a detail view of the thrust member connected to the leverandengaging the wheel head;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view, showing the lever which actuatesthe whe'elhead in one position of its adjustment; .and

Fig.9 is a'vie'w similar to Fig. 8, showing the parts in another.position.

I To illustrate one embodiment of my invention, I have "shown in thedrawing a roll-grinding mechanism comprising a supporting base 10 havingways 11 and '12 thereon upon which is slidably mounted a carriage '13.Mounted'upon the carriage are'head and tail stocks 14 and 15'deSigned tocarry the roll or workpiece to be ground, this roll being indicated 'indotted lines at 16 in Fig. 2. Any suitable means may be employed to 'reciprocatethe carriage '13 in a manner well 'known to in Fig. 4, mountedupon ways 20 provided upon the 'base' 18.

Also carried by the base 18 is a housing 21 to which is secured aninternally threaded nut 22 and, as shown in Fig. 2, a housing 23 ismounted upon the subbase 19 in which is rotatably mounted a screw 24which is threadedly received in the nut 22.

From the above description it will be seen that the nut 22 is fixedrelatively to the base 18, while the screw 24 is carried by the slidablymounted subbase 19 so that upon rotation of the screw 24 the subbasewhich, as will be hereinafter described, carries the wheel head andgrinding wheel will be moved toward and from the workpiece. This effectscoarse adjustment of the wheel head and grinding wheel.

The screw 24 is provided with a worm wheel 26 within the housing 23 and,as shown in Fig. 3, a worm 27 is rotatably mounted in the housing 23 toengage the teeth of this worm wheel and rotate the screw. The worm 27may be rotated by either of the motors 28 and 29, the latter beingdesigned to impart a relatively slow speed to the screw 24, while themotor 28 imparts a relatively rapid speed thereto.

Pivoted to the subbase at 31 is a wheel head 32 upon which is rotatablymounted at 33 the grinding wheel 34. As shown, this wheel head ispivoted at a point substantially below the axis 33 of the grinding wheelso that when the wheel head 32 is swung about its pivot, the wheel willbe moved toward and from the work independently of the feeding of thesubbase toward the work by the screw 24. As will be hereinafterexplained, the fine adjustment of the grinding wheel toward and from thework and also the crowning and concaving adjustments of the grindingwheel are effected by this movement of the wheel head about its pivot.

Mounted upon the subbase 19 is a bracket 35, this bracket being shownmore especially in Figs. and 6, and comprises a base portion havingupstanding therefrom two pairs of bearing plates designated at 37 and38. A feed lever 39 (Fig. 5) is bifurcated at its rear end to providespaced legs 40 and 41, these legs extending rearwardly so that one ispivoted between the plates 37, as shown at 42, while the other ispivoted to the other pair of plates 38 at 43. The forward end of thislever, as shown more particularly in Fig. 3, is provided with a roller44 designed to rest by gravity upon a cylindn'cal nut 45 slidablymounted in a housing 46 carried by the subbase 19.

Rotatably mounted in a housing 47 which lies below the housing 46 and iscarried by the subbase is the shaft 48 of a screw 49 threadedly receivedby the nut 45 so that upon rotation of the screw the nut 45 will beraised and lowered. It will be understood that the end of the feed lever39 upon which the roll 44 is mounted will be raised when the nut 45 israised and will be permitted to drop under the force of gravity when thenut 45 is lowered.

Also, as shown in Fig. 2, a bevel gear 50 is secured to the lower end ofthe shaft 48 which meshes with a bevel gear 51 slidably keyed, as shownat 52, to a shaft 53 rotatably carried in the base 10. The shaft 53 isrotated by means of a hand wheel 54 and belt 55 connecting the pulleys56. It will be apparent, therefore, that when the hand wheel 54 isrotated and the nut 45 moved in a vertical direction, the feed lever 39will be swung about its pivots 42 and 43 and, as explained hereinafter,will result in the tilting of the wheel head about its pivot 31.

As shown more especially in Figs. 8 and 9, a keyway 57 is provided inthe wall of the cylindrical nut 45 and a key 58 provided upon thehousing 46 extends into this keyway to prevent the nut from turning whenthe screw 49 is rotated.

Rotatably mounted in the subbase 19 is a crowning shaft 60 (Fig. 2) uponwhich shaft is secured a worm wheel 61 with which is engaged a worm 62(Fig. 4),

the worm 62 being carried by a shaft 63. The shaft 63 may be rotatedthrough the bevel gears 64 and 65 from the gear 66 which may beconnected with any suitable driving means such as the carriage 13 inorder to be driven synchronously with the latter to effect the crowningor concaving of the work.

Secured to the outer end of the crowning shaft 60 (Fig. 2) is a crowningeccentric 68, the periphery of which is in engagement with a roller 69mounted in a slide '78. This slide is mounted in ways 71 and 72 (Fig. 6)provided upon the bracket 35 and is held in position by the plate '73.

The upper surface of the slide 70 engages the lower surface of a roller74 (Figs. 2, 5 and 8) carried by a crowning lever 75, which lever ispivoted at 76 to the feed lever 39.

Pivoted at 77 to the crowning lever 75 is an upwardly extending thrustmember 78 having at its upper portion knife edges 79 which engagebearing blocks 80 in the wheel head 32 (Fig. 2) so that when the pivotpoint 77 on the crowning lever 75 is raised, the rear end of the wheelhead will be raised, thus moving the grinding wheel toward the work, andthe reverse action will also take place when the pivot point 77 islowered due to the action of the force of gravity upon the wheel headwhich acts to maintain the bearing blocks 80 in engagement with theknife edges 79.

With this construction, it will be apparent that, as the lever 39 ispivoted at 43, when the free end of this lever, carrying the roller 44,is raised or lowered, the pivot point 76 of the crowning lever will beraised or lowered and, as movement of the other end of the crowninglever is resisted by the crowning eccentric 68, the lever 75 will beraised or lowered about the point of engagement of the roller 74 withthe slide 70. This will serve to raise or lower the pivot point 77 ofthe crowning lever 75 which will in turn raise or lower the rear orright-hand end of the wheel head 32, as shown in Fig. 2, so as to swingthe wheel head about its pivot 31 and thus move the wheel toward or fromthe work. Also due to the action of the crowning eccentric 68, theroller 74 carried by the crowning lever 75 will be moved upwardly orallowed to move downwardly by the movement of the slide 70, thus movingthe crowning lever 75 about its pivot 76 (as at this time the feed lever39 is at rest), thus also effecting movement of the wheel head about itspivot with the same result as before.

A flexible shaft 81 may be secured to the screw 49, which flexible shaftleads to an indicating dial 82 which will indicate the position of thegrinding wheel 34 as adjusted by the fine adjustment mechanism.

As shown in Fig. 5, the wheel head 32 is guided in its verticalmovements by guide blocks 83 secured to the wheel head by bolts 84 whichbear against portions 85 of the bracket 35.

In operation, after a roll to be ground has been mounted upon thecarriage 13, the subbase 19 will be fed toward the work by rotation ofthe screw 24 by the appropriate motor 28 or 29. This movement of thesubbase toward and from the work is, of course, necessary to set up themachine for rolls of different diameter.

Thereafter, to effect fine adjustment of the grinding wheel 34 withrespect to the roll 16, the hand wheel 54 is rotated which serves asexplained to rotate the shaft 48 and screw 49, effecting elevation ofthe nut 45. This will operate to raise the roller 44 and the free end ofthe feed lever 39 about its pivot point 42. This in turn raises thepivot point 76 of the crowning lever 75 which, through the member 78,effects vertical movement of the free end of the wheel head 32 about itspivot 31 to feed the wheel toward the work.

If the nut 45 is lowered by reverse rotation of the hand wheel 54,gravity acting upon the wheel head 32 and lever 39 will maintain theroller 44 in engagement with the nut 45' as it is lowered, and thewheel-head will be moved in a clockwise direction about its pivot 31,thus withdrawing the :grinding wheel from the work. There will be nobacklash'or play when the movement is reversed due to the fact that theroller 44 will always be maintained in contact with the nut '45 bygravity.

In a similar manner rotationofthe crowning eccentric 6% will efiectmovement of 'the wheel head. Due to the eccentricity of this wheel, theslide 70 will be raised and lowered, effecting corresponding movementsof the roller 74 attached to the crowning lever 75. Raising of theright-hand end of the crowning lever 75, as shown in Figs. 2, 8 and 9,will move this lever about its pivot 76, thus raising the free end ofthe wheel head 32. When the slide 70 is permitted to drop, gravity willmaintain the roller 74 in contact with the slide and the free end of thewheel head will be permitted to drop as gravity will maintain thebearing blocks 80 in engagement with the knife edges 79. Again gravitywill maintain the parts in contact during the reverse movement thereofso that there will be no backlash or play which will result in moreaccurate crowning or concaving of the Work as previously described.

It will be seen that the feed motion of the grinding wheel may be moreaccurately measured than 'in prior constructions in that the movement ofthe adjusting nut 45 will be accurately read upon the-dial 82, and asthe roller 44 is always in contact with the nut, this reading will beaccurate. Any play or lost motion in the connections between the handwheel 54 and the feed screw will not alfect the reading of the dialwhich will accurately reflect movement of the adjusting nut. Moreover,the feed motion will be measured immediately and directly regardless ofthe direction in which the wheel moves, and there will be no backlashwhich will affect this reading.

In addition the fine feed motion of the grinding wheel toward and fromthe work is attained by a pivotal movement of the wheel head rather thanby a sliding movement as has been the conventional arrangement.

It will also be apparent that the movement of the grinding wheel eitherby the fine feed adjustment or by the crowning eccentric 68 is effectedby a series of levers, these levers and their connection with the wheelhead being so arranged that the movement of the free ends of the leversis considerably greater than the movement imparted to the adjacentportion of the wheel head. Therefore, any mechanical errors which mightoccur in the manufacture of the parts would only appear in a greatlyreduced degree in the movement of the grinding wheel, such errors beingreduced to the point where they will no longer be significant in theproduct being ground.

It will also be understood that while the improvements are shown asapplied to a roll-grinding machine, they may be employed in all types ofgrinding machines, for example, in those for grinding small or largemechanical parts.

While I have shown and described a preferred embodiment of my invention,it will be understood that it is not to be limited to all of the detailsshown, but is capable of modification and variation within the spirit ofthe invention and within the scope of the claims.

What I claim is:

1. A grinding machine comprising a work-supporting means, a base forsupporting a grinding wheel adjacent said means, a subbase mounted onsaid base for sliding movement toward and from the work, a wheel headand a grinding wheel rotatably mounted thereon, said wheel head beingpivoted on the subbase adjacent the wheel, coarse adjustment mechanismfor moving the subbase toward and from the work-supporting means, fineadjustment mechanism for swinging the wheel head about its pivot forfine adjustment of the wheel relatively to the work, said fineadjustment mechanism comprising a screwoperated member carried by thesubbase, means for actuating said screw-operated member, a lever pivotedon the subbase adjacent one end and having apart remote from its .pivotresting on said screw-operated member, a thrust member impartingmovement from said lever to the wheel head, and a rotatable-crowningcam-membermounted on the :frame and operatively connected to'said thrustmemberto actuatethe same.

2. A grinding wheel mechanism as in claim 1 wherein the thrustmember-for imparting movement from the' lever to the wheel head isconnected to said lever at a point between its pivot and-the .partresting on said screw-operated member whereby said thrust member ismoved through a lesser distance than said screw-operated memher.

"3. A grinding mechanism comprising work-supporting means, a base forsupporting a grinding wheel adjacent said means, a subbase mounted onsaid base for sliding movement toward and from the work, a wheel headlpivoted on said subbase and a grinding wheel rotatably supported onsaid wheel head, said pivot point being adjacent but below said wheelaxis, coarse adjustment means for moving said subbase toward and fromthe work support, fine adjustment mechanism carried by said subbase forswinging the wheel head about'its pivot for fine adjustment of the wheelrelatively to the work, an eccentric crowning cam carried by the subbasefor swinging said wheel head about its pivot for-effecting contouring ofthe work, lever means for transmitting motion from said fine adjustmentmechanism and said crowning cam :to said wheel head, said lever meanscomprising a lever pivoted on the subbase and having a member remotefrom its pivot engaging the fine adjustment mechanism, and a pivotallymounted thrust member moved by said lever and engaging said wheel head.

4. A grinding mechanism comprising work-supporting means, a base forsupporting a grinding wheel adjacent said means, a subbase mounted onsaid base for sliding movement toward and from the work, a wheel headpivoted on said subbase and a grinding wheel rotatably supported on saidwheel head, said pivot point being adjacent but below said wheel axis,coarse adjustment means for moving said subbase toward and from the worksupport, fine adjustment mechanism carried by said subbase for swingingthe wheel head about its pivot for fine adjustment of the wheelrelatively to the work, an eccentric crowning cam carriedby the subbasefor swinging said wheel head about its pivot for effecting contouring ofthe work, said fine adjustment mechanism comprising a vertically movablescrew-operated element, lever means for transmitting motion from saidfine adjustment mechanism and said crowning cam to said wheel head, andsaid lever means comprising a lever pivoted on the subbase and having afollower remote from its pivot engaged by said screwoperated element, asecond lever pivoted on an intermediate portion of said first lever andactuated from said crowning cam, and a thrust member carried by saidsecond lever and engaging said wheel head.

5. A grinding mechanism comprising work-supporting means, a base memberhaving a wheel head pivotally mounted thereon, a grinding wheelrotatably carried by said wheel head, a lever connected to said wheelhead to move the latter about its pivot, a plurality of means to actuatesaid lever, one of said means comprising a rotatably mounted cam member,and the other of said means comprising a second lever pivoted on thebase member to which second lever said first lever is pivoted and fineadjustment means to actuate said second lever.

6. A grinding mechanism comprising work-supporting means, a base memberhaving a wheel head pivotally mounted thereon, a grinding wheelrotatably carried by said wheel head, a lever connected to said wheelhead to move the latter about its pivot, a plurality of means to actuatesaid lever, one of said means comprising a rotatably mounted cam member,and the other of said means comprising a second lever pivoted to thebase member and having the first lever pivoted thereto and ascrew-operated vertically movable member carried by said base member andoperatively engaging said second lever to actuate the same.

7. A grinding mechanism comprising a work-supporting means, a base forsupporting a grinding wheel adjacent said means, a subbase mounted onsaid base for sliding movement toward and from the work, a wheel headpivoted on the subbase and a grinding wheel rotatably supported on saidwheel head, said pivot point being adjacent but below said wheel axis,coarse adjustment means for moving said subbase toward and from the worksupport, fine adjustment mechanism carried by said subbase for swingingthe wheel about its pivot for fine adjustment of the wheel relatively tothe work, an eccentric crowning cam carried by the subbase for swingingsaid wheel head about its pivot for effecting contouring of the work,lever means for transmitting motion from said fine adjustment mechanismand said crowning cam to said wheel head, said lever means comprising alever pivoted on the subbase and having a follower remote from its pivotengaging 20 second lever pivoted to an intermediate portion of the firstlever and having an upwardly projecting thrust member to engage and movethe wheel head about its pivot, and crowning mechanism to engage andmove said second lever about its pivot with the first lever.

9. A roll-grinding mechanism comprising work-supporting means, a basemember having a wheel head pivotally mounted thereon adjacent thework-supporting means, a grinding wheel carried by the wheel head, alever pivotally mounted on the base member below the wheel head, asecond lever pivoted to an intermediate portion of the first lever andhaving an upwardly projecting thrust member, said thrust member having aknife edge at its upper end engaging the wheel head from below to movethe latter about its pivot, and crowning mechanism to engage and movesaid second lever about its pivot with the first lever.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS780,972 Bowen Jan. 31, 1905 840,879 Stuart Ian. 8, 1907 1,624,868 HansonApr. 12, 1927 1,728,246 Morey Sept. 17, 1929 2,108,310 Griifing Feb. 15,1938 2,132,941 Flygare Oct. 11, 1938 FOREIGN PATENTS 843,215 GermanyJuly 7, 1952

